If conservative measures fail and if degeneration is too advanced for keyhole surgery, joint replacement surgery of the shoulder, elbow, wrist, knuckles and finger joints may restore motion, relieve pain and sustain satisfactory quality of life.

When joint replacement is indicated, I strive to use surgical options and prostheses with proven, sustained, best results.

Whether you are a dedicated professional competitor or not, your endurance activities and contact sports may lead to injuries of the upper limb and hand. Many of these can be restored to allow return to your previous level of activities.

Trauma may necessitate complex surgery which may be best done after the injury and initial treatment. Better to have accurate and appropriate surgery that addresses all aspects of your injury later, than to have surgery in haste that may need to be re-done.

Due to very limited soft tissue damage with arthroscopy, you may recover quicker and experience a more normal joint once you have healed, with a better range of movement and a better sense of control. The deep scar tissues of open procedures may always remind you of prior surgery.

Using arthroscopy I often visualise the problem better which promotes more accurate surgery.

Keyhole surgery is often used to treat painful joints, clean worn joint surfaces, release stiffness, restore stability by repairing ruptured ligaments and to repair rotator cuff tears.

Ruptured or cut tendons and injured nerves due to entrapment, bruising, stretching or laceration may need urgent surgery.

Do not accept an inability to lift or bend a finger after injury, or lasting numbness to your hand.

Surgery may be indicated not only to restore lost function, but also to prevent further deterioration of your loss. Specialised therapy, however, may be all that you need after proper assessment.